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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">economica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука сегодня</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Science Today</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2309-6667</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский национальный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2309-6667-2026-23-122-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">economica-93</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нематериальная собственность крупнейших мировых компаний: анализ нематериальной доли</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intangible property of the world's largest companies: analysis of intangible shares</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3073-100X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>J. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Сергеевна Колесникова, доктор экономических наук, доцент, профессор</p><p>кафедра управления человеческими ресурсами</p><p>420012;  ул. Бутлерова 4; Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Kolesnikova, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor</p><p>Department of human resource management</p><p>420012; Butlerova str., 4; Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hulia_k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3206-9808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афонина</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afonina</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Дмитриевна Афонина, аспирант</p><p>420012; ул. Бутлерова 4,; Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta D. Afonina, Postgraduate</p><p>420012; Butlerova str., 4; Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afonina.liza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>23</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесникова Ю.С., Афонина Е.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесникова Ю.С., Афонина Е.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnikova J.S., Afonina E.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://economica.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/93">https://economica.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/93</self-uri><abstract><p>   Целью исследования является оценка нематериальной собственности компаний через показатель «неосязаемая доля» (intangible share), определяемый как отношение суммы нематериальных активов и деловой репутации к совокупным активам организации.</p><p>   Данный показатель рассматривается авторами в качестве прокси-индикатора уровня развития нематериальной собственности компании, позволяющего нивелировать методологические сложности ее прямой стоимостной оценки и обеспечить сопоставимость между различными субъектами хозяйствования.</p><p>   Методология исследования. Эмпирическая база исследования сформирована путем сопоставления двух типов источников: ежегодных оценок стоимости брендов, публикуемых рейтинговыми агентствами Interbrand и Brand Finance, и балансовых величин совокупных активов, раскрываемых компаниями в публичной финансовой отчетности. На основе предложенного нами подхода «неосязаемая доля (D) – это отношение суммы нематериальных активов и репутации к совокупным активам компании». Такой подход основан на том, что стоимость бренда, оцененная независимыми агентствами, в условиях отсутствия единого стандарта учета нематериальных активов позволяет сопоставлять нематериальную составляющую разных компаний в абсолютном и относительном выражении. Выборка включает репрезентирующих секторы информационных технологий, индустрии товаров класса люкс, автомобилестроения, финансовых услуг, розничной торговли и тяжелой промышленности.</p><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Зафиксированы три разнонаправленных тренда: рост неосязаемой доли в IT (Например, Microsoft – с 11–16 % в 2012–2015 гг. до стабильных 99 % в 2020–2025 гг.), стабильно узкие коридоры в автопроме (Например, Honda – 4–13%) и неоднозначная динамика в сегменте товаров массового потребления (Например, McDonald’s снизился с 25,9 % в 2012 г. до 11–13% в 2020–2025 гг.) при относительной устойчивости люксовых марок. Показано, что крайне высокая доля (свыше 90 %) не является жестким отраслевым маркером: ее демонстрируют и IT-гиганты, и производители люксовых бренды, и соцсети. Ключевую роль играют особенности бизнес-модели и успешность монетизации нематериальных активов, а не только принадлежность к отрасли.</p></sec><sec><title>   Научная новизна</title><p>   Научная новизна. На основе предложенного показателя нематериальной доли проведено ранжирование компаний по уровню нематериальной составляющей. Ретроспективный анализ позволил установить, что по состоянию на 2025 г. в число лидеров с экстремально высокой долей (свыше 90 %) входят преимущественно представители IT-сектора (Microsoft), производители товаров класса люкс (Dior, Louis Vuitton) и социальные медиа (Instagram). Производители товаров массового потребления (IKEA) и технологические сервисные компании (Accenture, Philips) демонстрируют устойчиво высокие значения в диапазоне 55–62 %. В отличие от предшествующих исследований, в данной работе неосязаемая доля рассматривается не как безусловный индикатор эффективности управления интеллектуальным капиталом, а как величина, обладающая высокой чувствительностью к абсолютному масштабу материальных активов.</p><p>   Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты могут найти применение в оценочной деятельности, инвестиционном анализе, а также при разработке стратегий управления интеллектуальной собственностью компаний.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The purpose of the study is to assess the intangible property of companies through the indicator "intangible share", defined as the ratio of the sum of intangible assets and business reputation to the total assets of the organization.</p><p>   This indicator is considered by the authors as a proxy indicator of the level of development of the company's intangible property, which makes it possible to offset the methodological difficulties of its direct valuation and ensure comparability between different business entities.</p><sec><title>   Research methodology</title><p>   Research methodology. The empirical basis of the study was formed by comparing two types of sources: annual brand valuations published by Interbrand and Brand Finance rating agencies, and balance sheet values of total assets disclosed by companies in public financial statements. Based on our proposed approach, "intangible share (D) is the ratio of the sum of intangible assets and reputation to the total assets of the company." This approach is based on the fact that the brand value estimated by independent agencies, in the absence of a single standard for accounting for intangible assets, makes it possible to compare the intangible component of different companies in absolute and relative terms. The sample includes sectors representing information technology, luxury goods, automotive, financial services, retail, and heavy industry.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Three multidirectional trends have been recorded: the growth of an intangible share in IT (For example, Microsoft – from 11–16 % in 2012–2015 to a stable 99 % in 2020–2025), consistently narrow corridors in the automotive industry (For example, Honda – 4–13%) and ambiguous dynamics in the segment of consumer goods (For example, McDonald's decreased from 25.9 % in 2012, up to 11–13 % in 2020–2025), with the relative stability of luxury brands. It is shown that an extremely high proportion (over 90 %) is not a rigid industry marker: it is demonstrated by IT giants, luxury brand manufacturers, and social networks. The key role is played by the features of the business model and the success of the monetization of intangible assets, not just belonging to the industry.</p></sec><sec><title>   Scientific novelty</title><p>   Scientific novelty. Based on the proposed indicator of the intangible share, companies were ranked by the level of the intangible component. A retrospective analysis revealed that as of 2025, the leaders with an extremely high share (over 90 %) include mainly representatives of the IT sector (Microsoft), luxury goods manufacturers (Dior, Louis Vuitton) and social media (Instagram). Manufacturers of consumer goods (IKEA) and technology service companies (Accenture, Philips) demonstrate consistently high values in the range of 55–62 %. Unlike previous studies, in this work the intangible share is considered not as an absolute indicator of the effectiveness of intellectual capital management, but as a value with high sensitivity to the absolute scale of tangible assets.</p><p>   Practical significance. The results obtained can be used in valuation activities, investment analysis, as well as in the development of intellectual property management strategies for companies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интеллектуальная и нематериальная собственность</kwd><kwd>нематериальная доля</kwd><kwd>стоимость бренда</kwd><kwd>совокупные активы</kwd><kwd>методология оценки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intellectual and intangible property</kwd><kwd>intangible share</kwd><kwd>brand value</kwd><kwd>total assets</kwd><kwd>valuation methodology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено без дополнительного финансирования</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research received no funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гринцева Е. 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